Prospección superficial de cara a la delimitación temporal y cultural del sitio arqueológico Puculpala (Quimiag, Riobamba).

Abstract

This research is based on the archaeological visual surface survey of the archaeological site Puculpala (Quimiag, Riobamba). The main objective is to determine, through archaeological prospection and the study of ceramic materials recovered on the surface, the existence of human settlements and to delimit the period to which they belong. The creation of a database facilitated the grouping of information, which allows us to classify the ceramics by their form of manufacture. Between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, archaeological research has provided information on archaeological remains in the country, the research focuses on the province of Chimborazo, where the Puruhá culture settled (Jijón and Caamaño, 1927). The research on the bibliographic references in the Puculpala community attests to a pre-Hispanic settlement. In 2020, a superficial archaeological survey was conducted in the Puculpala community. Among the material collected, Puruhá style ceramics stand out, dated to the phases of Regional Development (500 AD) and the beginning of the Integration Period (1000 AD) by comparing already documented Puruhá ceramics. The typology and form of the ceramics recovered in the Puculpala community, through surface survey, suggest that the documented remains may be due to a Puruhá necropolis. The scarcity of specific research weakens the official historical interpretations. Therefore, it is essential to revalue the ways of life from a different approach, highlighting aspects that the parish inhabitants have forgotten.