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http://dspace.unach.edu.ec/handle/51000/17150| Título : | Eliminación de umbrales: regresividad jurídica en política criminal y afectación desproporcionada a privados de libertad por micro tráfico |
| Autor : | Hidalgo Cajo, Fredy Roberto Guerrero Samaniego, Paquita Carolina Suárez Freire, Lenín Jesús |
| Palabras clave : | Microtráfico Drogas Umbrales de consummo Proporcionalidad |
| Fecha de publicación : | 9-jul-2026 |
| Editorial : | Riobamba: Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo |
| Citación : | Guerrero S., Paquita C.(2026) Eliminación de umbrales: regresividad jurídica en política criminal y afectación desproporcionada a privados de libertad por micro tráfico (Tesis de grado) Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo. Riobamba, Ecuador |
| Resumen : | La investigación analiza los efectos sociojurídicos de la derogación de la tabla de umbrales en Ecuador, medida adoptada en 2023 que eliminó los criterios técnicos para diferenciar entre consumo personal y microtráfico de sustancias sujetas a fiscalización. Se concluye que esta decisión ha generado una regresión jurídica en la política criminal ecuatoriana, vulnerando principios como la legalidad, proporcionalidad y seguridad jurídica. La política criminal ha adquirido un carácter punitivo y simbólico, enfocándose en los eslabones más débiles del fenómeno del narcotráfico sin atacar sus estructuras organizadas. El sistema de rehabilitación social no responde de manera adecuada a las necesidades de los consumidores, y las penas impuestas carecen de proporcionalidad. La investigación recomienda reinstaurar criterios técnicos, aplicar un enfoque de salud pública y garantizar la capacitación de operadores de justicia para evitar la criminalización injusta de los sectores vulnerables. |
| Descripción : | This research critically examines the regressive shift in Ecuadorian criminal policy following the elimination of the drug quantity threshold table. In a context characterized by insecurity, penal populism, and the ineffective expansion of the State’s coercive power, the State has adopted punitive strategies that have failed to reduce crime and have instead generated inequality and a disproportionate impact on people deprived of liberty. The main objective of the study was to analyze the legal and social effects of this measure as an expression of regression in Ecuadorian criminal policy, with particular emphasis on individuals incarcerated for micro-trafficking offenses. The specific objectives included examining State decisions in criminal policy, analyzing the doctrinal evolution of the offense of illicit trafficking of controlled substances, and determining the social impact resulting from the elimination of legal thresholds. Methodologically, the study employed deductive, legal-analytical, comparative, and case study approaches, allowing for a comparison between Ecuadorian regulations and guarantee-based models in comparative law, as well as an analysis of judicial practice concerning the deficient application of Resolution No. 14-2023 of the National Court of Justice. The empirical component focused on criminal judges and trial attorneys specializing in criminal law and criminology, using surveys and interviews to identify concrete manifestations of regression in criminal policy. The findings reveal that the current punitive approach, based on repression and disproportionate sentencing, is ineffective in combating drug trafficking and contradicts the constitutional objectives of social rehabilitation. Additionally, a lack of objectivity in the actions of oversight authorities, particularly police officers, and deficiencies in the application of existing regulatory standards were identified. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that the elimination of drug quantity thresholds constitutes a legal and political setback that reinforces a punitive criminal justice model centered on punishment rather than prevention. Accordingly, it proposes the development of a comprehensive criminal justice and harm-reduction policy that prioritizes human dignity as the central axis of Ecuadorian criminal justice. |
| URI : | http://dspace.unach.edu.ec/handle/51000/17150 |
| ISSN : | UNACH- EC-FCP-DER |
| Aparece en las colecciones: | Tesis - Derecho |
Ficheros en este ítem:
| Fichero | Descripción | Tamaño | Formato | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Guerrero S., Paquita C.; Suárez F., Lenin J. (2026) Eliminación de umbrales.pdf | 4,56 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizar/Abrir |
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