Adaptaciones curriculares e inclusión a niños con discapacidad visual en la unidad educativa especializada Dr. Luis Benavidez-Riobamba.

Abstract

This research analyzed the curricular adaptations and the inclusion of children with visual impairments in the Dr. Luis Benavides- Riobamba Specialized Educational Unit. It was a non-experimental study with a qualitative, descriptive approach. The population was the Unidad Educative Specialized Dr. Luis Benavidez. The sample was intentionally selected by applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, resulting in 5 participants. The researcher conducted an interview based on a 10-question questionnaire to collect information. The results revealed that the central curricular adaptations implemented in the institution are grade 2 according to the classification established by the Ministry of Education. These adaptations include the use of the abacus, the introduction to the Braille writing system, adapted teaching materials, high-relief materials, repetitive and guided activities, learning skills for daily living, constant dialogue, support from another teacher, screen reading software, training modules and the use of punches. Regarding the challenges faced by teachers, it was possible to identify a lack of knowledge in planning, failure to comply with scheduled activities, lack of resources, limited availability of teaching materials, and little willingness to acquire new theories, strategies, and methodologies. Based on the research findings, it was necessary to propose a methodological guide that includes a psycho-pedagogical strategy for inclusion to encourage the active participation of children with visual impairments and promote an equitable educational environment that respects diversity.