Cambio climático y producción de alimentos en Sudamérica

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Globally speaking, it is critical to comprehend how climate change affects food production; yet it is also vital to understand the struggles that emerging nations face; in this instance, we will focus on South American nations due to their comparable socioeconomic conditions. A number of factors threaten food sovereignty when it comes to food production. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are one of the main factors that have a significant impact, but there are other factors as well, like the size of a nation's population, the number of people involved in this activity, the quality of land used for agriculture, the amount of arable land, and the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita of each nation. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of climate change on food production in South America during the period 2000-2022, due to its similar economic conditions, the index of food production is used as a dependent variable to obtain more robust data, to know the results the data used are panel adjust to the research, even that allows us to know behavior of individuals over time, in the same way the Haussmann Test was applied to know whether it is a model of fixed or random effects, and adjust more to research, giving as a result a model according to the study of random impacts, allowing to contrast with our null hypothesis itself that establishes that the effect of the climate changes has a negative behaviour with food production. Keywords: Climate Change, Food Production, Panel Data, Random Effects Model.